|
1 - TECHNIQUE OF THE BASE POSITIONS
As much the defensive activity as the offensive needs a departure point that ensures the later success. To this departure point it is which we know as POSITION BASE.
This POSITION OF BASE must be guided by 3 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES:
1º: It must be balanced and natural to facilitate the participation in later actions.
2º: It must be presided over by a continued effort of attention and concentration that ready to develop the speed of reaction of immediate form.
3º: It needs regulated tension that favors the contráctil speed of the muscle.
POSITION OF BASE IN ATTACK
Head: raised with normality.
Trunk: Slightly inclined towards ahead.
Static – legs: slightly flexionadas, separated to comfort of the On guard asymmetric player and (generally advanced to the opposite to the arm executor).
- dynamic: alternative suspension (symmetrical position).
Feet: Supported totally in the ground in the static position (if the separation between legs is accentuated, the delayed foot supports only a third).
Consecutive supports with a third of the foot in the dynamic position.
Arms: Semiflexionados (radial edge upwards) and slightly separated of the trunk.
Hands: Oriented for the reception of the ball at any time.
POSITION OF BASE IN DEFENSE
- the positioning of the legs can be symmetrical or asymmetric. In the asymmetric position the advanced one can be anyone, will depend on the later specific action.
- the hands, with the face to palmar as opposed to giving the objectives (opposite ball or players), must be extended and the fingers opened with rigidity.
- the separation of the arms more is accentuated than in the position of base in attack.
COMMON PRECISIONS To BOTH POSITIONS
- the position of the head allows the player to obtain a good field of view of continued form.
- If the trunk were not slightly inclined on the advanced leg (asymmetric position) would originate a imbalance of the body that would make the later action difficult.
- In the symmetrical position the inclination favors the sustenation, mainly in case of contact with the adversaries, improving the disposition immediate to the later displacement.
- the flexionadas legs avoid the retardation that would take place to make any displacement (extension – flexion - displacement).
One is due to avoid: That the support base is not balanced.
To center the cautious attention and only in the ball.
To adopt excessive tension or postural rigidity.
The base positions, as much in attack as in defense, provide a postural anticipation to us that benefits the rapidity from later execution of a march.
1.1. - METHODOLOGY OF THE BASE POSITIONS
The greater disadvantages so that the player adopts dice and of instantaneous form in a while the position of corresponding base are the forced shutdowns that, suddenly, has to make after each displacement, and maintaining the position the necessary time without losing the recommended expectant attitude.
To make difficult the displacement with fast changes of direction, putting in stopped sudden and causing imbalances they are effective forms for the assimilation of this part of the technique.
Concrete objectives
- Awareness of the base positions.
- Attitude and concentration.
- Modification of departure gestures (of foot, seated, knocked down...).
- Displacements and shutdowns (stops) assuming the position of offensive or defensive base or alternating.
- Observation and corrections.
- Alternatively to vary the rate and the displacements.
- To alternate race with jumps, turns, volteretas, etc., being adopted immediately the base position. To introduce immediate later interventions and stops.
.
1.2 - PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Recommended exercises (Juan de God Román/Domingo Bárcenas): 1 2 3
Games (Melendez and Falkowski)
- Tula envenedada
- The fox and the persecuted ones
- The four corners
- The island of salvacion
- The hunters
- Tin
- The riders look for horses
- The policias and the escaped ones
- The vagabond looks for house
2 - TECHNIQUE OF THE DISPLACEMENTS
DISPLACEMENTS WITHOUT BALL
The displacements are the average one to create and to occupy the spaces in the game land. It is the fundamental form of transfering by the game land.
Classification:
- By the direction based on the selected trajectory:
- By the execution technique
- In march form, with a support in the ground always.
- In race form, with a phase of suspension in the air.
- In sliding form , to impulses without contact lost with the ground.
- By the adopted trajectory
- Straight lines.
- Curves.
- Combined: they can be however of direction or however of sense.
- According to the execution rate
- Uniform.
- Accelerated.
- With Change of rate.
- By the tactical intentionality
- Looking for the direct intervention.
- Favoring the intervention of the companions.
- Of support.
Observations:
They are made from the base position.
The type of displacement to make will come determined by the individual or collective tactical operation (ball – opposing – companions – space).
In its accomplishment the corporal imbalance is due to avoid.
In the displacements front all the foot is not due to support.
In the displacements of back it is necessary to avoid to support only the heels.
In the lateral displacements and slidings they are not due to cross the legs or to jump breaking away from the enemy with the exaggerated long ground as well as steps. He is preferable to make more shorter steps and.
In any case, the arms and the hands must be prepared for the intervention (reception of the ball).
The uprooted beginning or takes place by means of an impulse conducted by the slowst leg to the new direction of the race. If the position is symmetrical a small passage in front of the opposite leg to the one of impulse will be necessary.
The halting or shutdown of the race is made more with the leg advanced to the direction of the race, generally the one that is in suspension in the air.
The drawings show the shutdowns to us from frontal race advanced, of frontal race back and in lateral race.
If we are in suspension, the shutdown takes control of alternative contacts, being second in leaning the one that as much produces the braking in frontal suspension as in lateral suspension.
In the changes of direction and sense the remotest leg of the new trajectory is due to use.
2.1 - DISPLACEMENTS WITHOUT BALL
Recommended exercises (Juan de God Roman/Domingo Bárcenas): 1 2 3
Games (Melendez and Falkowski)
- Race by the banks
- The alternate race
- Face or cross
- Pair or odd number
- The persecution
- The walking by the hoops
- The roundup to the banderole
- The numbered race
- The race of obstacles
- The capture of BALÓNes
- The handkerchief
- The rectangular race
- Relief of caps
2.1.2 - METHODOLOGY OF THE DISPLACEMENTS WITHOUT BALL
Specific Objectives:
To relate body to space.
Displacements based on different stimuli.
To associate displacements to other technical actions:
+ Participation (reception).
+ Acompañamiento/colaboración
|
Activities:
Varied displacements:
- Addresses.
- Directions.
- Rates.
- Sense.
- Positions of initiation.
- Spaces.
- Associated by jumps and fallen.
- Without and with relation to the ball or another object.
Modification of the spaces with:
- Obstacles.
- Other companions.
- Space limitations.
To combine with other linkings. |
2.1.3 - PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Methodologic suggestions:
- To make the displacements in race of natural form.
- Startings, shutdowns in associated displacements to races, jumps and falls.
- To make indications and corrections in relation to the race technique.
- To relate indifferently to offensive and defensive technical elements.
2.2 - DISPLACEMENTS WITH BALL
It is technical ability is generated by the adaptation to the game rule that it prevents to give more than three passages with ball without hurling it. It is what it is known like CYCLE OF STEPS.
He is one of the characteristics that define the good player, mainly chained with the dominion in the use of multiple technical actions at any time of this cycle of steps which allows to act suitably in each situation of game.
DEFINITION OF THE CYCLE OF STEPS
Cycle = 3 passages with ball in possession.
If the boat is used at any time IT MAKES POSSIBLE a NEW CYCLE OF STEPS.
Maximum possibilities: 3 steps (a cycle) + Boat + 3 steps (new cycle).
Here it is necessary to remember what needs the regulation on which step is considered (to see game rules).
From the individual tactical point of view its utility is in the creation and occupation of spaces in own benefit or so that a companion benefits.
CLASSIFICATION
By the use of the cycle of steps they are defined based on the three steps
+ boat + three steps.
By the beginning:
- From reception and two feet in contact with the ground.
- From reception and a foot in contact with the ground.
- From reception without contact with the ground
With simultaneous fall.
With alternative fall.
By the execution way:
-
In march form.
-
In race form.
-
In sliding.
By the trajectories:
-
Cuvilinear.
-
Rectilinear.
-
Combined.
By the direction of the trajectories
By the rate:
-
Uniform.
-
Accelerated.
-
Change of rate.
Description of the gesture:
With respect to the displacements with ball we needed following the ADAPTACIÓNes: The arms and the hands must move away the ball of the defender (protection) approaching it the trunk. If the ball is hurled it will make with the remotest hand the defender.
2.2.1- METHODOLOGY OF THE DISPLACEMENTS WITH BALL
To alternate actually:
+ the variants of the cycle. + the rate of the steps.
+ the amplitude of the steps. + the direction.
+ the direction. + the previous reception.
+ the moments of armed. + the final action (it passes – shot – boat).
+ Adaptation to the distances:
- To vary the spaces to cross.
- To use opponents (defending).
- To use fixed distances (lines, marks, etc.).
2.2.2 - PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Games (Melendez and Falkowski)
- The hunter of hares
- The minibasket
- The established steps
- The relay with ball
2.3 - THE FEINTS
It means "DECEIT". It is the technical action of an attacking player with ball that tries to surpass in depth to a defender in game one against one (if the deceit is made without ball we spoke of distancing).
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
- It must include/understand a trajectory of deceit and a trajectory of exit. Among them stop takes place brief.
- The deceit trajectory must offer an effective possibility that it is dangerous for the defender.
- It has to be made by surprise and it does not have to be reiterativa.
- It must consider the answer of the defender. To catch it of immediate form and to react consequently. It implies, therefore, speed of reaction, change of rate and useful field of view.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE FEINTS
- By the exit trajectory:
- With exit by the strongpoint: by the side of the arm executor.
- With exit by the weak point: by the opposite side of the arm executor.
- By the number of steps used in the deceit:
- O'clock zero: the deceit takes place o'clock in fall zero. They are left three passages in the exit.
- To the first step: in proximity with the defender.
- To the second step: with two passages in the phase of deceit.
- To the third step: it is necessary to leave in boat or jump. If one leaves in boat it will do with the remotest hand of the defender.
- By the direction of the attacker in front of the defender
- Front to the opponent.
- Of flank to the opponent.
- Of backs to the opponent.
- Combined (front and exit of backs in turn).
- By the number of changes of direction
- Simple feint (a single change of direction).
- Double feint (two changes of direction).
2.3.1 - METHODOLOGY OF THE FEINTS
methodologic
GLOBAL PHASE
- Player with or without ball.
- Distances with respect to the defender, fixed or variable (defending more or less active).
- Variation of the direction in the previous displacement.
- Modifications of the previous direction.
- Adjustment corporal in the approach.
- Moment of braking in regard to the distance.
- Moment of braking in regard to the deceit trajectory.
- Transport of the ball.
- Variation of situations in the exit.
- The use of the trunk in the exit.
PHASE SPECIFIES
- The situation in the land: forward edge, ends or pivot.
- The distance of the defending assets.
- The direction to portería: greater or smaller perpendicularity in the deceit.
- The specific positions of base (specially the one of the pivots).
- The final direction to portería in the phase of exit.
- The initial decision: employee of other different circumstances.
- The final decision: happen, launching, boat (in its case).
2.3.2 - DPRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Recommended exercises (J. de Dios Román/Domingo):
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
2.4 - THE BOAT OF THE BALL
It is a technical action that allows the maximum of possibilities of space progression with ball. In the evolved sport it is possible to be considered like a technique of resource for the individual progression without companions in proximity as well as for the development in all his amplitude of the cycle of steps.
In the initiation it acquires greater importance but the abuse in a sport is not due to allow that is characterized by the transfering of the ball through happens between the attackers.
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
- - Use:
- When the player with ball needs to cover a greater distance with three steps.
- In order to avoid the sanction of three seconds in possession of the ball when he does not exist he happens clear.
- Whenever he is needed with the object of space adjustment.
- - the dominion of this technical gesture with both hands Is going to be necessary, as much for the distance of the ball of the defender like making more expresses the changes of direction in boat.
In the changes of direction in boat we applied to the technique of change of direction in displacements without ball (impulse with the opposite leg of the new direction) and the ball projects, also with the opposite hand to the new direction.
3 – Basically, the player does not have to watch the ball. This way the field of view stays of permanent form necessary to participate in the game.
4 – In no case, its use, must go in damage of the rate of collective game.
CLASSIFICATION
2.4.1 - METHODOLOGY OF THE BOAT OF THE BALL
In the education of the boat we must consider: The corporal balance, the adjustment body-movable-space and the maintenance of the field of view.
I dominate corporal in the boat:
- To vary positions in the boat. Alternancia.
- Use of the dominant arm.
- Use of the nondominant arm.
- Alternating both arms.
- Boat with both hands.
- Hurl-to move: to follow fixed lines or visual contacts.
Relation body-ball-space:
- To vary trajectories in the boat.
- To alternate trajectories in the boat.
- Change of sense during the boat.
- To alternate all the previous one avoiding obstacles.
- Modifications in regard to useful directions.
- Overcoming of defenders.
The run time:
- The rate in the execution. Variations.
- The speed of execution.
- Alternancias.
The moving body (ball):
1-Variar the dimensions of the BALÓNes.
2 Exercises with two BALÓNes.
Connection of the boat with other technical objectives:
- Boat and happens.
- Boat, changes of direction and happen.
- Boat and launchings to portería.
- Boat, changes of direction and launchings of portería.
- Boat, feint and happen.
- Boat, feint and launching to portería.
- Feint, boat and happen.
- Feint, boat and launching to portería.
- Change of direction in boat, feint and happens.
- Change of direction in boat, feint and launching to portería.
- Variations in the use of the boats in the cycle of steps.
Interrelation of all the indicated factors
2.4.2 - PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Games (Melendez and Falkowski):
- The fight of the BALÓNes
- The race hurling
- The shared transport
- Hurling around the banks
- The competed race
- To be unmarked hurling
- Zigzeando
- Tula hurling
- Conditional freedom
- The controlled route
- The boat-shot
- Hurled ball
- The boat you continue
3 - TECHNIQUE OF ADAPTATION AND HANDLING BALL
The intervention with ball demands, on the one hand, the Maxima security in its possession and in addition, the disposition to act of form immediate and continued achieving success.
For it the following mechanical bases set out:
Meeting points
- Fundamentally: Fingers and face to palmar average control the ball.
- The yolks of the fingers favor sensitivity constituting the more important meeting point,
The ball aside from adapting it is necessary to feel it, which favors the sensation of security and the manageability.
Position of the hands
- Invariable norms do not exist. It is going to be in favor conditional by the physical constitution and the dimensions of the same ones.
- Like general norm: Concave position slightly, fingers opened without rigidity offering the form of the ball.
Subjection
When using only one hand and needing a capable and fast handling is necessary a firm subjection considering.
- The greater possible surface is due to include, without rigidity.
- The yolks of the fingers must exert a slight pressure on the surface of the ball, being the fingers meñique and thumb those that make it in greater measurement.
- The ball must rest on the face to palmar average of the hands.
- If the pressure we made it with the total surface of the fingers we would lose sensitivity (when being reduced the contact with phalanges) and, in addition, the hands would acquire certain rigidity that it would disable to handle them with the skill and required rapidity.
Fundamental principles
- It is necessary that the subjection of the ball is made very instinctively, with no need to watch it.
- The security and the handling of the ball are based on the correct adaptation to the same one, reason why it has to take care of itself much that the face to palmar of the hands does not touch its surface.
- Like the indicated thing with respect to the pressure of the yolks of the fingers, if the face to palmar of the hands had plenary session contact with the ball, would obviously be reduced the possibility of handling it.
- To the hour of the handling, this one must carry out the movements right and necessary, and made with skill and espontaneidad.
3.1 - METHODOLOGY OF ADAPTATION, HANDLING AND PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
The final mission to develop will be that the player feels the ball like an element more of his body and its motricidad, that he does not have to dedicate perceptivos efforts or of execution to this aspect.
Dividing of the relation body-ball that it gives rise for the adaptation and handling would settle down later relations related to the intervention in:
- Diverse positions.
- Displacements with ball.
- Happen.
- Launchings.
- Boats, etc.
Systematics
Adaptation
- Static subjects – controlled ball.
- Positions: of foot, seated, fallen down, etc.
- Static subjects – semicontrolled ball.
- varied Positions, ball in the ground, rolling, in the air, hurling...
- Subjects in displacement – controlled ball. We remembered that the ball does not have to interfere with the corporal balance.
- Subjects in displacement – semicontrolled ball. All the options.
Handling of the ball
Of the arm executor
a) Elevation
- frontal towards ahead.
- frontal backwards.
- towards and the straight left side.
b) Extension-flexion
- to the height of the arm executor frontally towards ahead and back.
- To the height of the arm executor laterally towards the right side and the left side.
- In vertical sense upwards and downwards.
- From different heights and intermediate directions of the mentioned ones.
- Pronación-supinación
- With the forearm slightly flexionado on the arm, elevating it towards ahead
- With the forearm slightly flexionado on the arm, elevating it to different heights.
- In anyone of the previous cases, but with the arm executor in total extension.
- Oscillation
- Accompanying the movements by elevation.
- Accompanying the movements by extension-flexion.
- Accompanying the movements by pronación-supinación.
- Circunducción
- Backwards, with the forearm slightly flexionado on the arm, semiflexionado or extended.
- Accompanying the movements by extension-flexion
- Accompanying the movements by pronación-supinación.
- Accompanying the movements by oscillation.
Of the wrist of the arm executor
- Flexion-extension
- Accompanying to the movements by elevation and extension-flexion by the arm executor.
- In continued movement of pronación-supinación.
- Cubital and radial flexion
- Accompanying to the displacements by the arm executor.
- Circunducción towards and the straight left side
- Accompanying to the movements by elevation and extension—flexion by the arm executor.
- In movement continued to the one of pronación-supinación of the arm executor.
Slogans to propose.
- To adapt the ball with open fingers and tightening strongly. To work the joint of the wrist.
- Transfer of the ball around the body: ample and varied gestures.
Propose situations.
IN WHERE?
+ All the land.
+ Superfícies limited.
+ Following lines or layouts of the land.
+ In the direction of..., around...
+ Superficially, underneath, behind, in front of...
HOW?
+ One and another hand.
+ Variar the corporal position.
+ Protecting it of...
Static + and in varied free displacement (movable-player).
+ Describir figures, circles, etc. Varying rates.
4 - BASIC TECHNIQUE OF HAPPENS OF THE BALL
It is, probably, one of the most important techniques of the BALÓNmano along with the launchings. One is to surely transfer the ball towards the companions, static or in displacement.
Fundamental principles
1º: At the moment of it happens, not to watch the possible receiver of continued form.
2º: The tension or forces of happens has to be regulated based on the distance until the defender (to greater distance, greater force). The ball in the air is exposed to the action of the defenders. To greater time, greater exhibition.
3º: It has to be made accurately. It is had to make arrive at the receiver in the best conditions and in suitable place so that its later action is not interrupted by the necessity to render excessive attention to the reception of happens inadequate.
4º: It has to have the variety sufficient to fulfill the exigencies of the game. It happens does not have to be limited in his execution by lack of technical resources to make arrive the ball.
DIRECTION, HEIGHT And MOMENT OF HAPPEN
- The direction and height of happen will come determined by the intention to favor the later action of the companion to who it goes directed.
- Like general norm, the direction and height of happen will be the one of the shoulder of the arm executor (dominant). This way the armed one (classic) immediate is favored; also it supposes the intermediate point from as the receiver obtains with short routes the suitable armed one for the moment.
- Also it is appropriate direction the one of the chest of the receiver. This height and direction are going to also cause a good later availability: Armed for a new one it happens or launching, protection in the abdomen...
- In the case of receiver in marcaje of proximity, the pin will fulfill the principle to direct happens to the free space and, in his case, to the height that the receiver marks.
- In spite of all the saying previously, he always happens must be supeditado to the receiver trying "to read" the later intentionality of the same one.
- In you pass them to companions in displacement, he happens must be done slightly advanced with respect to the trajectory of the route of the player based on his speed so that the arrival of the ball does not interrupt its displacement, slows down it or he forces it.
One is not due to forget, in no case, that the execution of you pass them depends on the temporary situation of the game. This implies an absolute dependency of the individual tactics. For that reason more important that the mechanics of always happens will have to be, at the time of education, concepts as the moment of passes and the speed based on the defenders, the height and variety of the armed one to obtain to the proposed objective as well as the previous linkings (boat + happens and cycle of steps + happens).
TYPES OF YOU HAPPEN
COMMON PRINCIPLES To The DIFFERENT TYPES FROM YOU HAPPEN
- With exception of you pass them sudden will be necessary to flexionar the hand that controls the ball in the last phase of the moment of the launching.
- On the position of the hand the direction depends that adopts the ball in its trajectory.
- Previous to the flexion of the hand that it controls the ball more or less takes place a pronounced movement of dorsal flexion that allows to regulate the impulse of the same one.
- To the gesture of the arm preparing it to initiate it happens is known armed him like "of arm".
- It is important to correctly dissociate the action of the legs of the action of the trunk, mainly in you pass them with lateral direction, diagonal and backwards not to turn you pass them with frontal direction and the consequent loss of possibility of continued intervention.
- it is forced to pay attention to the position of the head, being avoided erroneous synchronisms, to always maintain a field of view ample independently of the type of happens.
- Although the most natural gesture, in support, corresponds with the advancement of the opposite leg to the arm of happens, is going to be necessary to dominate happens independent of the leg that is advanced.
- it will be forced to dominate happens at any time of the cycle of steps.
- For the fastest execution of it happens is recommendable that the projection of the arm executor is reduced when carrying out the launching gesture. It is important that the player reaches the greater distances with a tense trajectory with the minimum displacement of the arm executor.
- Although you pass them must be made with tense trajectory, in special circumstances (defending in line of it happens) must also be used other trajectories.
4.1 - METHODOLOGY OF HAPPENS OF THE BALL
Factors to consider
1º: Variety of you happen. Alternacia of armed.
2º :Orientación of the players with respect to the receivers.
3º static Actions or in displacement. Alternancia varying the starting points: of base, in imbalance, posturales, etc.
4º : The relation displacement-you happen, varying the types of displacement, and the sense and the trajectories of such.
5º: The factor distances; the coordination and the force of happen.
6º: The precision of happens that it is related, also, with the interventions of the defenders and the receivers. Alternancia of speeds in displacements and you happen.
7º: The relation change of rate and moment of happens based on the space, of the defenders and the receivers. Alternancia of speeds in the displacements and in you pass them.
8º: The concrete methodology in relation to the cycle of steps.
9º: Alternancia of the considered factors.
10º: Relation:
- Happen, reception, boat, handling, etc.
- Global displacements.
- Specific displacements.
- Space modifications.
- Use of the speeds.
- Intervention of the defenders.
Methodologic suggestions:
- To enrich the activity being insisted in the armed variety of and the corporal directions with respect to the receivers.
- To relate to aspects of decision making:
- When step?
- To choose who step.
- To change of decision moment in the last.
- To choose other options: to happen or to send/to happen or to penetrate.
- To insist on the linkings with later previous actions and.
- Corrections prevailing the ability and the success of happen over the gesture.
- To insist on the linkings of previous actions, later or both.
From the individual tactical point of view, CLAUDE BAYER proposes the following thing:
Behavior of the nascent one:
- it happens is made based on affective relations. As of the 12 years one becomes "operational" (to give the ball to a companion that play well).
- the carrier of the ball, before sending it, becomes in all directions to look for the receiver of which is going to pass it.
- the carrier of the ball is come off the same one, without watching and mattering to him how, when it for itself cannot play more.
- the carrier of the ball does not have to good to play with its companions. Dribla without watching.
Objectives of the monitor
- To modify this attitude of the newcomer one: to only yield the ball when it cannot play more.
- the monitor will have to induce a new attitude in the carrier of the ball respect to the receiver. This last one will request it and this will determine happens:
+ to give the ball, I must wait for a request of ball of my companion.
+ If nobody requests the ball, I conserve and I wait for it the request of the same one, driblando on the place or using the three seconds.
+ If there are several requests of ball, I select them (after compiling information) to yield it to the player that seems to present/display more danger, without risk of losing it.
- In one second phase, the monitor will have to make this relation complementary, that is to say, the receiver must play the ball request after collecting data on the possibilities of happens (or not) of the ball carrier.
JUAN ANTON proposes like slogans to offer for the stage of Global Learning:
- To maintain the balance in the action.
- To aim with the arm.
- To prolong the gesture.
- To watch in direction of happens, in principle.
- Weight of the body of back towards ahead.
- To chain reception-happens.
And like situations actually:
WHERE?
+ To certain places or targets of direct or indirect form.
+ To estáticos/dinámicos companions.
+ To the right, left, in front, back, etc.
+ To the place that they indicate to me: to the chest, the ground, the right hand, etc.
LIKE?
+ Varying: Corporal trajectories, situations, side dominante/no dominant, posiciones/niveles, distances (short in general), planes of accomplishment, underneath or upon..., estático/dinámico in race in jump, etc.
4.2 - PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Ecomendados exercises (Juan de Dios Román/Domingo Bárcenas):
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Games (Meléndez and Falkowski):
- The interceptor
- It happens established
- From the zone to the area
- To happen and to send
- It happens conditional
- The search of the hoop
- It happens through pairs
- It happens lateral
- The reaction as opposed to the stimulus
- The sudden circulation
- Introduced ball
5 - BASIC TECHNIQUE OF THE RECEPTIONS
This technical action of attack is not determining as so for the attack game but because its good execution has influence in the later action.
A good collective development can fail by the lost time in the reception (by vague) and even can be cause of the loss of the ball.
One is based on the security principle and of his quality it is going to depend the force whereupon it is possible to be passed the ball and the speed of the game.
In addition it is necessary to consider the Maxima that that says a good reception can fixes badly happens.
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
- Be as outside the assumed position, the player must offer the maximum guarantees of possession of the ball assuring its reception and the later control.
- In order to choose to a more effective later intervention, the possible receivers do not have to watch at the player in possession of the ball of continued form. One is due to distribute to the attention between the trajectory of the ball and the rest of the game. At the previous moment to the reception the fixation in the ball must disappear.
- With next opponents, the receivers will have to defend with their body the possession of the ball, being placed between this one and the opposites.
TYPES OF RECEPTION
The gesture indicated is valid as much for static situations as in displacement.
The positions indicated for the frontal receptions are, also, of application in the receptions diagonals and lateral, it is as outside his height.
Also it is possible, to mainly improve the rapidity of the armed one with views to the launching, the reception with a hand giving in front of the ball and the other accompanying the trajectory by the ball.
5.2 - PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Slogans to propose:
- Not to wait for the ball, to go towards him.
- Arms extended without tension. Soon to cushion the trajectory of the ball accompanying it and avoiding that hits with the hands.
Situations to propose.
+ Varying the corporal position: of foot, made kneel, seated, etc.
+ Varying the levels or planes of reception.
+ static or dynamic Position.
+ Varying the origin of the ball: from above, in front, right, etc.
+ Varying the characteristics of the moving body: size, weight, elasticity, etc.
+ In individual situations or group: autoatrapes or balls of others.
5.1 - METHODOLOGY OF THE RECEPTIONS
Recommended exercises (Bárcenas/Juan De Dios Román):
1 2 3 4 5
Melendez and Falkowski (Games):
- The reception to horse
- The numbered reception
- The defense of the puntuable zone
- Controlled ball
- The game of the zones
- The reception in jump
- The tunnel
- Intercepted ball
- The bounced ball
- The sudden shipment
- The ball rolled and by the air
- The difficult reception
- The rolled reception
6 - BASIC TECHNIQUE OF THE SHOTS
It is the culmination of the attack game. The objective will be to make it with the greater verticalidad and possible depth.
It is going to give rise to an ample range of gestures in which they intermingle coordination, jump power, forces specific general and, ability, etc.
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
- The shot must be fast under two points of vista.+ Minimum space of time in its execution (movement rápido).+ Minimum time to cross the trajectory (speed of the ball).
- The shot must be precise,
- The shot must be safe, therefore it must be made when security of a high percentage of success exists.
- In order to extend the success possibilities, the player must dominate, at least, two types of launching to portería.
TYPES OF LAUNCHINGS To PORTERIA
- From FORWARD EDGE:
- Rectified:
+ opposite Side arm executor without fall.
+ opposite Side arm executor in fall.
+ Same side arm executor.
- From FIRST and SECOND LINE
- From SECOND LINE (EXTREME)
- From SECOND LINE (PIVOTS)
RESOURCE LAUNCHINGS
- Behind.
- Parabolic stop.
- Low parabolic Liftado or.
- In boat with effect (spirals)
6.1 - METHODOLOGY OF THE SHOTS
He is commonest. Its execution corresponds with passes classic frontal of the same height, but projecting more acusadamente backwards the arm executor at the moment of the armed one, the torsion of the trunk the more pronounced and distortion of the instantaneous trunk.
Of equal way the launchings to intermediate height and low height correspond with the gestures of happens previously of the same name with conditioners such expressed.
In the rectified launchings the position of the armed one is varied to avoid the action of the defender.
The launchings in suspension demand the coordination of the jump in height with armed of arm and the explosive torsion-distortion-flexion of the trunk. The armed one in this type of launching can take place ahead, behind or laterally, depending on the anthropometric characteristics of the player and the proximity of the defenders.
The launching in jump tries the search of depth with respect to portería. From the ends, frequently it is necessary to vary the height of the armed one at the moment of the launching, with which it is going to be inevitable to make it in fall or rectified.
In the launchings from the pivot, conditional by the exigencies of the Maxima proximity with defenders and the limitation of the line of 6 meters, the launching takes place habitually in fall without jump on the area or with a small impulse in jump.
The launching of 7 meters characterizes by a the execution comfort, only limited by the prescribed aspect and the intervention of the doorman.
The launching behind has to do with the launching in unbalanced jump or by the action of the pivot of backs portería in marcaje of proximity.
The parabolic launchings try to surpass to the doorman by means of a curvilinear trajectory of the ball on him, or ample: high or liftado petroleum jelly (thanks to "a strong-loose" movement of the wrist and the arm of launching).
In the "spirals" effect in the boat is printed to the ball to surpass to the doorman by the lateral space.
Considerations with respect to the launchings
- The exigency of the game will On guard imply the dominion of the launchings of last support on the opposite leg to the launching arm as well as on the leg of the side of the launching arm ("changed foot"). As much in support as in jump or suspension.
- It is going to be important to relate, intimately, the launchings from the proximities of the line of 6 meters with the adjustment to the same one. The individual and collective effort can be seen reduced to a loss of ball by badly fits to this element.
- The launchings from low positions must be made at the cost of the inclination of the trunk, and not by the exaggerated flexion of the legs or the exaggerated opening of the same ones. This last one would imply a determining imbalance for the later action.
- In the launchings in fall it is necessary to train these to allow that each player develops the capacity to cushion the same one without taking place damage. Most habitual it is the fall in sliding on the chest or roller on the ground.
- The shot to portería must be dominated by the sign of the power, forces to the Maxima speed.
- In comparison with it happens, the projection of the arm executor backwards must be more accusing to obtain a movement uniformly accelerated, ampler, than it guarantees the greater possible speed to the ball.
- Once the decision is taken to send, the attention must be centered in the movements and displacements of the doorman because it is the only obstacle to obtain goal.
6.2 - PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT
Questions to consider:
- The distance: to value the distance of the launching in regard to physical dependencies; to force the distances possibly carries technical and physical errors.
- Of the globalidad to the corrections in the learning: to show flexibility in the first stages of the practice. The evolution in the improvement of the coordination of the players who begin, as well as the shoulder mobility and the force of legs and trunk (key factors in the launchings to portería) appear very different in the children in formation, reason why it is necessary to be sent to "global supplies" in these first stages.
- The direction to portería: Search of the "better corporal adjustment" of the player towards portería and finding of the optimal final coordination towards the objective (perpedicularidad to portería before the last step). To consider:
- To evaluate the previous displacement to the reception-direction; reception-launching. - Direction during the cycle of steps.
- The previous displacement and the rate of passages for the launching:
- The relation accelerated race-reception-rate and launching.
- The relation alternate race-reception-rate and launching.
- The situation accelerated static-reception-rate and launching.
- The situation alternate static-reception-rate and launching.
- To alternate with the direction to portería.
- The armed ones of arm in the launching to portería
- The altenancia in relation to the coordination torsion-distortion trunk.
- The movement of armed based on the type of launchings and the coordination of the steps.
- The moment of armed and to the rectification of the arm in regard to the defender or the perpedicularidad towards portería.
- The rectification based on the observation of the doorman.
- The relation of the launching with other technical options: happen, boat, armed of arm.
- The greater or smaller amplitude of the steps
- In regard to the distance to cross with respect to the line of the area of portería.
- In function to the situation of the defender (to relate to 3 and 4).
- In regard to the speed of launching.
- Relation of 5,2 with 6,1 (launchings surprises and expresses in race and on "changed foot"
- The specification of the launchings according to the specific positions:
- With respect to the coordination: all the players must "begin" in the launchings in all the positions. Global initiation.
- As far as specialization: depending on the physical peculiarities determined by the specific positions
PRACTICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE SHOT
Recommended exercis
(J. De Dios Román/Domingo Bárcenas):
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Games (Melendez and Falkowski):
- Floating ball
- The launching on the adversary
- Target or black
- Sent ball
- The dangerous race
- The precise launching
- Shot to the medicinal ball
- Sending in flight
- Ball sent in suspension
- The change by launching
- The rotation of functions
- Tirogol
- Successive launchings
7 - BASIC TECHNIQUE DEFENSIVE
The possession of the ball does not prevent to fulfill immediate goal of any game: to mark so many. Therefore it is necessary to recover the ball to go on offensive. This recovery can take place of passive way, hoping to that the opposite fails (error in you happen, launchings or technical lack) or of active form: trying to recover the ball the sooner, forcing those same errors or by means of the possible most active recovery of the ball, the interception.
In anyone of the cases it is necessary to start off of the situation of distribution of collective responsibilities, in which to each player it corresponds to him, of principle, the marcaje on an attacker in concrete.
DEFENSIVE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
- All defensive activity must have as departure point the position of base, recommended at the beginning of this subject, to obtain predisposition to the later intervention.
- Related to the previous thing, also it will be necessary the Maxima attention and concentration to respond with the greater possible rapidity to the attacking action.
- The defensive attitude must be, of equal way, Maxima, being comparable to the one of the doorman in the defense of his portería.
- The defensive intentionality must have like immediate goal the anticipation concept to annul the offensive intention. For it it is necessary to know how to read the attack situations, which is obtained with possible the amplest and rich experiences.
- The knowledge of the attacker (its technical characteristics) is going to be essential, with time, to resist its strongpoints and to be able to anticipate itself.
7.1 - THE INTERCEPTION OF THE BALL
The lack of quality and force in you pass them as well as the impericia of the pins does of this technical habitual element in categories of base.
It is the activity that tries to obtain the attainment of the first defensive principle: the recovery of the ball. It is the Maxima expression of defensive activity.
One takes place generally with more facility in trajectories of the ball between two players in whom no is the pair of the defender. The pins and receivers are, both, pending of their respective defenders who of the others. Although also it is possible to intercept happens towards the direct opponent or he happens that he leaves the same one.
It will be easier to make on long trajectories of balón(más time to take part) that on short trajectories (less time).
He demands good direction, so that one as much includes in the field of view the pin as to the possible receiver. If we do not see the pin we are not going to fit the moment correctly and direction of happens and if we do not see the receiver we will not know that direction is going to take happens.
It is important not to show, previously, to the intentions, because it would lead to dissuade happens, or to a distancing of the possible receiver to guarantee the security of he happens.
Also he is going to be fundamental to adopt the situation that allows to arrive at the trajectory at the opportune moment based on the motor characteristics. If I am too much far for my capacity of reaction and speed I am not going to be able to arrive. If I am too much close I am going to put as much on the alert to pin as to receiver.
7.2 - DISTANCE
MARCAJES At a distance
One occurs in situations in which a decisive intervention does not exist on a direct opponent, therefore it is related to "departure" and "intermediate" positions according to the terminology of professor Bárcenas.
The departure positions are those previous ones to the intervention on the direct opponent and are going to come conditional by the defensive system and the tasks that this it demands to each player in this situation.
The intermediate position is located to begin with between and the decisive attack on the attacker. It is a state of combat readiness and it implies imminent danger reason why it is going to demand predisposition and anticipation. The passage of this position to the marcaje in proximity is going to depend on which or we are in line of shot or in unbalanced previous situation. In the first case a perpendicular trajectory to the opponent in frontal direction with the same one will be used. In the second case they can be used, either a trajectory diagonal to the opponent in frontal direction to the same one, or combine a trajectory in line to be placed of shot with the attacker and later another perpendicular to the opponent. The election will depend on multiple factors without forgetting that immediate goal will be to avoid the penetration (Maxima depth).
The remote marcaje is going away to seat fundamentally on the visual control of the direct opponent. Independently of the task to develop when the direct opponent is not dangerous, always the alternative visual contact is going to be necessary watching its movements.
The defensive situation will locate between the opponent and portería, although not necessarily in line of shot until the alert position.
The position will be of base, generally asymmetric, locating itself more advanced the most moved away to the ball.
As far as the displacements, they will come caused by the changes from situation of the attacker. In short routes: lateral, sliding, frontal by means of short and fast impulses so that phases of suspension do not take place and allow the greater contact with the possible ground. If the routes are longer: lateral with frontal direction to the opponent and frontal in cost form of race even giving to the opponent.
7.3 - PROXIMITY
- OPPONENTS WITHOUT MOVED AWAY BALL OF THE PORTERIA AREA
With static attacker, situation between the opponent and portería with slight predisposition towards the zone of the ball (independently of the skilful or left-handed condition of the attacker). Position of base symmetrical or asymmetric (advanced the one of the side where is the ball) and abdominal or dorsal physical control.
Before attackers in displacement, situation also between opponent and portería (independently of its condition) and support On guard of defensive base with the most opportune trajectory based on the opposite. Marcaje with predisposition to the zone by which it can arrive the ball and abdominal or dorsal control.
- OPPONENT WITHOUT BALL LOCATED IN THE LINE OF THE PORTERIA AREA
- Situation between opponent and ball (line of happens).
- the asymmetric Position of legs, more delayed (next to the line of 6 meters to avoid displacements) nearest the zone of the ball. Symmetrical position of legs in case of axis trunk - trunk - ball.
- physical Control with the hand of the side of the ball (to assure the control) and marcaje of the line of happens with the other.
- Before attempts of distancing to occupy free spaces, same process of marcaje but with relation to the attempt of trajectory to adopt on the part of the attacker, united to the displacement of more opportune support.
- OPPONENTS WITH BALL (TO AVOID THE LAUNCHING)
OPPONENTS LOCATED FRONTALLY IN SUPPORT
- asymmetric Position of legs, more advanced to the one of the side of the arm executor of the opposite.
- Positioning between opponent and portería with slight predisposition towards the side of the arm that has the ball.
- the arm corresponding to the arm attacking executor projected towards the same one trying to reduce its route. The other hand makes abdominal control. Hands in hyperextension.
OPPONENTS LOCATED OF BACKS IN SUPPORT
- symmetrical Positioning of legs.
- Between the opponent and portería: trunk - trunk.
- an arm attacks the ball, preventing the armed one, at the same time watching the possible lateral displacements of the attacker, using dorsal control with the other arm.
OPPONENTS LOCATED FRONTALLY IN SUSPENSION
- Positioning between attacker and portería with intervention in suspension.
- Trunk – trunk.
- an arm, the one of its side, to the ball, the other will make abdominal control.
7.4 - BLOCKINGS
-
-
It is the technique that allows the interception of the ball in its trajectory towards portería. It is a defensive facet of forced dominion due to his importance since the quality of its execution decides a party.
It is applied as much when in spite of the marcaje in proximity the distance with the opponent is not sufficient to avoid the launching to portería, in support as in suspension. Also when the physical characteristics of the defender or techniques (of attacker and defender) do not recommend the Maxima proximity to avoid the shot.
It demands his dominion even rapidity to modify the position and situation acquired before a sudden change of the gesture of launching to portería, as much in support as in suspension. And visual control fixed to the ball, with special attention to the movement of the joint of the wrist.
Frontal launchings in support
- From the base position.
- Symmetrical positioning of legs.
- Between the shoulder of the arm executor and portería.
- To not before elevate the arms at the moment of the launching and.
- Extended hands and separated and extended fingers with rigidity.
- To cut the trajectory in the point closest when coming out to reduce the angle.
Low launchings in support
- Extension of the leg of the side of the launching. Greater separation of legs.
- Roll of the trunk.
- Open intervention with a hand, hands and hyperextended and rigid fingers.
Launchings in suspension
- Between attacker and portería.
- Impulse immediately after the attacker.
- Simultaneous elevation of arms.
- Projection of the arms towards the ball without getting to lose height of blocking.
-
7.5 - METHODOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUE DEFENSIVE
Recommended exercises (Juan de Dios Román/Domingo Bárcenas)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Games (Melendez and Falkowski):
Games of marcaje to the opponent:
Games of ball blocking:
|
Subject 5 : Technique Education (2)
